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Userspace WireGuard

It is possible to use a userspace implementation of WireGuard with Kilo. This can make sense in cases where

  • not all nodes in a cluster have WireGuard installed; or
  • nodes are effectively immutable and kernel modules cannot be installed.

One example of a userspace implementation of WireGuard is BoringTun.

Homogeneous Clusters​

In a homogeneous cluster where no node has the WireGuard kernel module, a userspace WireGuard implementation can be made available by deploying a DaemonSet. This DaemonSet creates a WireGuard interface that Kilo will manage.

Note: in order to avoid race conditions, kg needs to be passed the --create-interface=false flag.

An example configuration for a K3s cluster with BoringTun can be applied with:

kubectl apply -f https://raw.githubusercontent.com/squat/kilo/main/manifests/crds.yaml
kubectl apply -f https://raw.githubusercontent.com/squat/kilo/main/manifests/kilo-k3s-userspace.yaml

Note: even if some nodes have the WireGuard kernel module, this configuration will cause all nodes to use the userspace implementation of WireGuard.

Heterogeneous Clusters​

In a heterogeneous cluster where some nodes are missing the WireGuard kernel module, a userspace WireGuard implementation can be provided only to the nodes that need it while enabling the other nodes to leverage WireGuard via the kernel module. An example of such a configuration for a K3s cluster can by applied with:

kubectl apply -f https://raw.githubusercontent.com/squat/kilo/main/manifests/crds.yaml
kubectl apply -f https://raw.githubusercontent.com/squat/kilo/main/manifests/kilo-k3s-userspace-heterogeneous.yaml

This configuration will deploy nkml as a DaemonSet to label all nodes according to the presence of the WireGuard kernel module. It will also create two different DaemonSets with Kilo:

  1. kilo without userspace WireGuard; and
  2. kilo-userspace with BoringTun as a sidecar.

Note: because Kilo is dependant on nkml, nkml must be run on the host network before CNI is available and requires a kubeconfig in order to access the Kubernetes API.